• are you French

    In ordinary circumstances this would not seem so absurd a question. The fact that
    the Creature lacks a national identity, however, throws into relief how deeply embedded
    are national prejudices even among the enlightened. We have already witnessed in the
    French reaction to Safie's father (II:6:3) and in his abuse of Felix's kindness (II:6:12)
    how mean-spiritedness is served by national identity. Part of Volney's aim in Les
    Ruines is to eradicate such defining ideological concepts. That the Creature is thus
    born without them indicates his superiority and, ironically, is a further example
    of how he does not fit into normative human society.