• benevolence

    It is a remarkable achievement of Mary Shelley's that by this point in the Creature's
    narrative, this word (and its derivatives) have become fully ironized. Continually
    repeated as it is (see, for instance, II:7:2 and II:7:9), this Enlightenment concept
    stands in a kind of verbal isolation, unsupported by any examples that might convince
    us of its dynamic, positive value, or even (outside the Creature's own actions) that
    active benevolence exists. Thus the Creature's ironic conclusion seems altogether
    appropriate.