4264. Robert Southey to Mary Ann Watts Hughes, 15 October 1824

 

Address: To/ Mrs Hughes/ Amen Corner/ London
Stamped: KESWICK/ 298
Postmark: E/ 18 OC 18/ 1824
MS: The Carl H. Pforzheimer Collection of Shelley and His Circle, New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations, Misc 3799. ALS; 4p.
Previously published: John Wood Warter (ed.), Selections from the Letters of Robert Southey, 4 vols (London, 1856), III, pp. 444–446.


My dear Madam

My employments, thank Heaven, are such that they allow me to be always at leisure; & this is a blessing which would compensate for more untoward circumstances than have fallen to my lot: – so great a one indeed, that if I had sold my time for any official situation, I verily believe I should have been as uncomfortable as poor Peter Schlemil when he had parted with his shadow.

(1)

Peter Schlemihl, the main character in Adelbert von Chamisso (1781–1838), Peter Schlemihls Wundersame Geschichte (1814). He sold his shadow to the Devil for a bottomless wallet, only to find himself shunned by society.

But if I were busier than I am, or ever shall be, it would always give me pleasure to receive a letter from you. I believe we can all of us find time for what we like.

Dr Hughes’s kind present

(2)

William Woolnoth (1780–1837), A Graphical Illustration of the Metropolitan Cathedral Church of Canterbury (1816), no. 2916 in the sale catalogue of Southey’s library.

(for which I thank him truly) will probably find a speedy conveyance from your neighbours in the Row. The book will not be the less welcome for Cuthbert’s sake, who having some three years ago when Dr Bell asked him whether he would chuse to be an Archbishop or a Carpenter, preferred the Archbishoprick, verily looked upon Canterbury afterwards as his allotted portion in this world, & used to talk with great complacency of what he should do when he came to live at Lambeth, where he was to have more books than his father. – He was ill enough to make us very anxious about a fortnight ago, – with a bilious fever, – but thank God he has perfectly recovered from it; – & at present we are all well. I have been somewhat seriously an invalid during the summer: the cough however has fairly departed, & being once more in tolerable condition, I am taking all dutiful pains to keep myself so.

I had neither seen nor heard of the foolish apology for Mrs Opie, which is enough to shame her out of Quakerism.

(3)

Unidentified. At this time, rumours were beginning to circulate that Amelia Opie had become a Quaker, for example, in the York Herald, 19 June 1824. In fact, she had only begun to investigate this possibility and did not join the Quakers until August 1825.

Without the aid of Cupid

(4)

Roman god of love. Mary Anne Watts Hughes had suggested that Amelia Opie’s conversion to Quakerism was inspired by her love for a Quaker.

(who however has worked many conversions in both sexes) I can account very satisfactorily for her becoming a Quaker. She was bred up nominally in Unitarianism, & that too of the laxest kind; – & it was but nominally, – for her father

(5)

James Alderson (1742–1825), a Norwich surgeon and physician.

belonged to that sect only because it was necessary for <that> a man in his profession should seem to be of some religion. She grew up when revolutionary opinions were taking their freest course, & in a city where I believe they prevailed more than in any other part of England. Some of her warmest admirers (few <&> no woman had more) were far gone in unbelief, they were men of splendid talents & in other respects of great real worth.

(6)

Amelia Opie’s early admirers included the radical writers William Godwin and Thomas Holcroft (1745–1809; DNB).

In fact she has always lived among persons whose speculations were under no restraint, & who however much they differed among themselves, agreed in that rooted dislike to the Establishment, which is a bond of union between the darkest bigots of Popery, the wildest fanatics, & the most thorough infidels. In the state of mind which such circumstances could hardly fail of producing upon a woman who had always been flattered for her talents, <but with a lively fancy & a good heart> Mrs Opie from her a life of gayety in London, went at the age of about forty five to nurse her father,

(7)

Amelia Opie devoted herself to nursing her father from the time of his illness in December 1820. She was then fifty-one years old.

whom in his old age, severe bodily infirmity had awakened to some sense of the profligacy of his past life. The only persons in her circle at Norwich who had any warmth of religious feeling were Quakers; – & were you to see <know> her Quaker Abelard you would see that Elo few Eloisa’s

(8)

Peter Abelard (1079–1142), a celebrated scholar and monk who conducted a clandestine affair with Heloise (d. 1164). The ‘Quaker Abelard’ was probably Joseph John Gurney, the Norwich banker and leading Quaker, who was a close friend of Amelia Opie and instrumental in her conversion.

were to be trusted with him. But whatever her feelings toward him may be, she wanted something more for her imagination & her heart than the cold forms & colder creed of Unitarianism can supply, – & Quakerism has a great deal for both. – I believe she is sincere, – & I like her well enough even to excuse the verses which she has written in Ediths – Album.

(9)

Amelia Opie had written a verse in Edith May’s album, when she and her father had left Norwich on 30 January 1824, which had likened Southey to a swan and Edith May to a cygnet: ‘and see thee, fam’d Swan of the Derwent’s fair tide/ With that elegant cygnet that floats by thy side’ (John Wood Warter, Selections from the Letters of Robert Southey, 4 vols (London, 1856), III, p. 435).

Edith, will tell you, (for she must not write), – the ungracious return which they called forth.

(10)

Southey is probably here recalling the jokey references he had made to Opie’s poem in the opening of his letter to Edith May Southey, 24 July 1824, Letter 4223.

Your friendly message to Edith shall not be forgotten. I believe she will leave Taunton for London on the 25th of this month; but <whether> Lady Malet

(11)

Lady Susanna Malet, née Wales (1779–1868), the widow of Sir Charles Malet, 1st Baronet (1752–1815; DNB).

whom she there rejoins, means to make any tarriance upon the road, I do not yet know.

The Peninsular War

(12)

The second volume of Southey’s History of the Peninsular War (1823–1832).

is going on well in the press, – & I am prosing & versing

(13)

Southey was finishing A Tale of Paraguay (1825).

in as good heart & with as much good will, as if all the world liked my verse & prose as well as you are pleased to do.

I would fain do the State some service.

(14)

Southey had decided not to write a ‘Book of the State’ to accompany The Book of the Church (1824).

But I am beginning to act upon the resolution of finishing what I have begun & working up the materials which so many years h large a part of my life has been spent in accumulating, – before I open any new foundations. Now that I am half an hundred years old it is time to wind up my accounts.

Our kindest remembrances to Dr Hughes, mine also to Mr H.

(15)

John Hughes (1790–1857; DNB), son of Mary Anne Watts Hughes and miscellaneous writer.

&

believe me Dear Madam
Yrs very sincerely
Robert Southey

Notes

1. Peter Schlemihl, the main character in Adelbert von Chamisso (1781–1838), Peter Schlemihls Wundersame Geschichte (1814). He sold his shadow to the Devil for a bottomless wallet, only to find himself shunned by society.[back]
2. William Woolnoth (1780–1837), A Graphical Illustration of the Metropolitan Cathedral Church of Canterbury (1816), no. 2916 in the sale catalogue of Southey’s library.[back]
3. Unidentified. At this time, rumours were beginning to circulate that Amelia Opie had become a Quaker, for example, in the York Herald, 19 June 1824. In fact, she had only begun to investigate this possibility and did not join the Quakers until August 1825.[back]
4. Roman god of love. Mary Anne Watts Hughes had suggested that Amelia Opie’s conversion to Quakerism was inspired by her love for a Quaker.[back]
5. James Alderson (1742–1825), a Norwich surgeon and physician.[back]
6. Amelia Opie’s early admirers included the radical writers William Godwin and Thomas Holcroft (1745–1809; DNB).[back]
7. Amelia Opie devoted herself to nursing her father from the time of his illness in December 1820. She was then fifty-one years old.[back]
8. Peter Abelard (1079–1142), a celebrated scholar and monk who conducted a clandestine affair with Heloise (d. 1164). The ‘Quaker Abelard’ was probably Joseph John Gurney, the Norwich banker and leading Quaker, who was a close friend of Amelia Opie and instrumental in her conversion.[back]
9. Amelia Opie had written a verse in Edith May’s album, when she and her father had left Norwich on 30 January 1824, which had likened Southey to a swan and Edith May to a cygnet: ‘and see thee, fam’d Swan of the Derwent’s fair tide/ With that elegant cygnet that floats by thy side’ (John Wood Warter, Selections from the Letters of Robert Southey, 4 vols (London, 1856), III, p. 435).[back]
10. Southey is probably here recalling the jokey references he had made to Opie’s poem in the opening of his letter to Edith May Southey, 24 July 1824, Letter 4223.[back]
11. Lady Susanna Malet, née Wales (1779–1868), the widow of Sir Charles Malet, 1st Baronet (1752–1815; DNB).[back]
12. The second volume of Southey’s History of the Peninsular War (1823–1832).[back]
13. Southey was finishing A Tale of Paraguay (1825).[back]
14. Southey had decided not to write a ‘Book of the State’ to accompany The Book of the Church (1824).[back]
15. John Hughes (1790–1857; DNB), son of Mary Anne Watts Hughes and miscellaneous writer.[back]
Volume Editor(s)