About this Edition

This edition was first designed and marked up in XHTML 1.0 Transitional and CSS by Joseph Byrne at the University of Maryland. Additional markup assistance was contributed by Lisa Marie Rhody, David Rettenmaier, and Mike Quilligan. Finally, in 2009, David, Mike, and Laura Mandell TEI-encoded the edition for the sake of preserving it and making it accessible through NINES. The present design features a detail from Tabulae sceleti et musculorum corporis humani (1747) by Bernhard Siegfried Albinus and engraved by Jan Wandelaar.

1409

  • like the turning of the wheel When Ixion, king of Thessaly, fell in love with Hera, Zeus punished him for his effrontery
    by binding him to a wheel in Hades that revolved in perpetuity. In notable instances
    in the English literary tradition the mode of Ixion's torture is reconceptualized
    in psychological terms. Mary Shelley would surely have been familiar with King Lear's
    portrayal of himself as "bound/ Upon a wheel of fire" (IV.vii.46-47). It could well
    be that her own image influenced Percy Shelley's employment of the same figure in
    Prometheus Unbound (see I.139-42).
  • 1414

  • one vast hand was extended With his "hand . . . stretched out, seemingly to detain" his double, the Creature
    replicates the gesture in which he first appeared before Victor's eyes, in his bedroom
    in Ingolstadt (I:4:3). The reaction of Walton to his monstrous presence is in stark
    contrast to that evinced on that previous occasion by his creator.
  • 1413

  • utter carelessness . . . second Again, as in his shock over the mistreatment of Justine Moritz in the first volume
    (I:7:30), Victor's innate sense of decency is evoked to complicate our recognitions:
    in this particular case, that his own medical carelessness was implicit in his creation
    of a being with monstrous features who could not function within a conventional social
    format (I:3:7) and that his uncaring brutality has been recently marked in the wanton
    destruction of the second creature on whom he had been working in the preceding chapter
    (III:3:4).
  • 1412

  • unmingled with disbelief Victor's self-consciousness as to his effect as narrator shadows this deposition
    of his case, both for the magistrate and for Mary Shelley's readers. We cannot help
    recognizing here that the end of a novel is to make fiction appear like truth. That
    Victor in the end does not gain the credence of his judge does, of course, vindicate
    his earlier reticence; but it also in some sense impinges on his reliability as a
    witness. Does it also have a destabilizing effect on the larger narrative of which
    it is a microcosm?
  • 1410

  • I lay for two months It has been less than three years since Victor Frankenstein had been seized with
    a similar "nervous fever" that, after the creation of his being, confined him for
    months (see I:4:17 and note). Mary Shelley emphasizes how severely debilitated his
    physical state has become as a result of the acute psychological stress under which
    he has been laboring and from which no amount of diversion can seem to liberate him.
  • 1418

  • I was alone Victor ironically echoes the reflection of the Creature, as he contemplates the domestic
    happiness of the De Lacey household, on his contrasting solitude. The diction the
    Creature used at the point—"no Eve soothed my sorrows"—would suggest that it was then
    that he began to conceive the plan for a mate that here comes to a disastrous conclusion.
    (See II:7:11).
  • 1417

  • voluntary thought Beginning with this phrase, the last chapter of Victor's long narration starts a
    subtle recapitulation and intensification of the overarching themes of his discourse.
    In this case, if we read between the lines we realize that Victor has finally given
    up all reponsibility for his own actions and, with that loss, any sense of his individual
    identity. He is now locking himself within the dyad of his adversarial relation with
    the Creature.
  • 1415

  • We travelled at the time of the vintage In this context "vintage" means the harvesting of the grapes used in making the classic
    white wines of Germany frequently designated as "Rhine wines." Mary Godwin, Claire
    Clairmont, and Percy Bysshe Shelley descended the Rhine at this same time of year
    in 1814, and this description is colored by the experiences Mary recorded in A History
    of a Six Weeks' Tour.
  • 1419

  • the watery, clouded eyes See I:4:2.