As wife of King Henry VIII, Catherine was Queen of England from June 1509 until May 1533. After many years of marriage, Henry became frustrated with the failure of the union to produce a male heir to the throne and sought to have the marriage annulled so he could marry Anne Boleyn. When the Pope refused the annulment, Henry established himself as the head of the Church of England and instituted divorce proceedings. Because Catherine refused to acknowledge the divorce, he banished her from the court for the duration of her life.

The Irish-born Robert Stewart had a highly influential career in British politics and foreign service. He played a key role in subduing the Irish rebellion of 1798 and in the Act of Union of 1800. At that time, he was criticized for his mild approach toward the Irish and his tolerance for Catholicism. Later he was associated with harsh repressive measures, especially as memorialized in Percy Bysshe Shelley's poem "The Mask of Anarchy." He became the 2nd Marquess of Londonderry in 1821, following the death of his father, the 1st Marquess.

Italian diplomat, courtier, and writer, whose most well known literary work was Il libro del cortegiano (1528).

Roman general, senator, and brother-in-law of Brutus, best known as the leader of the conspiracy to assassinate Julius Caesar. Following the death of Caesar, Cassius and Brutus engaged in war with the Second Triumvirate, the three-man dictatorship which took the place of Caesar's rule in the Roman Republic. Cassius committed suicide after his defeat at the Battle of Philippi.

The eponymous heroine of a sentimental novel by Calprenède.

In Greek mythology, the visionary daughter of King Priam of Troy was condemned by the god Apollo to prophesy but never be believed.

Second Jacobite Baron Caryll of Dunford and friend of Alexander Pope, deemed "John Caryll the Younger."

English poet, playwright, scholar, and preacher. Cartwright was a member of the literary group "Sons of Ben," though his poor imitations of Jonson have put the legitimacy of this status into question.

A well regarded poet and member of Elizabeth Montagu's Bluestocking Circle, Carter was also regarded as one of eighteenth-century Britain's leading female intellectuals for her translation, All the Works of Epictetus, Which Are Now Extant (1758), a milestone in the learned achievements of women. The first publication of her collected verse appeared as Poems upon Particular Occasions (1738). The subsequent Poems on Several Occasions came out in 1762 and was subsequently reprinted in an enlarged edition.

Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach was the German-born wife of King George II. As the beautiful and intelligent Queen consort, Caroline was said to have had much influence over her husband and his court. She is considered responsible for establishing Sir Robert Walpole as prime minister.