The prototypic romantic femme fatal, Cleopatra VII Philopator was the lover of Julius Caesar, later wife of Mark Antony, and final ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt. After the assassination of Caesar, Cleopatra allied herself with the Second Triumvirate, whose foremost members were Antony and Octavian. Cleopatra and Antony began their love affair while Antony remained married to Octavian's sister, Octavia, and Antony became heavily reliant on Cleopatra as a source of funding and military aid.

Character in Samuel Richardson's The History of Sir Charles Grandison (1753-4). Clementina, an Italian woman, is one of the four rivals vying for the affection of the eponymous hero.

Born Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli, Clement XIV was the pope from 1769-1774. He authored the brief Dominus ac Redemptor (1773), which suppressed the Society of the Jesuits.

Born Giulio de'Medici, Clement VII's eleven years of papal authority were characterized by religious, military, and political conflict in the wake of the Protestant Reformation.

The eponymous heroine of a novel by Mme. de Scudéry.

English composer, violinist, and member of the king's band from 1692 to 1702. Clayton wrote the music for Joseph Addison's libretto to create their opera Rosamond (1707).

Uncle to the title character in William Shakespeare's drama Hamlet. Claudius kills the king, Hamlet's father, and ascends to the throne.

Heroine of Samuel Richardson's novel Clarissa (1747-9).

1st Earl of Clarendon and Baron Hyde of Hindon, Edward Hyde was an English aristocrat and politician known by his noble title of "Lord Cornbury." Hyde became a prominent political figure at the start of the Glorious Revolution of 1688, when Hyde's army shifted their loyalty from the Catholic King James II to his Protestant challenger William of Orange.

An English courtier, poet, and sheriff of Herefordshire, believed to be the son of Sir John Clanvowe.