Macpherson, James, 1736-1796

Poet and historian James Macpherson is best known for his “translations” of the Gaelic epic poems by the fictitious ancient bard Ossian. Though the authenticity of these poems came under attack almost immediately, they nevertheless exerted a powerful influence on the British Romantic literature that soon followed.

Macklin, Charles, approximately 1697-1797

Irish actor and playwright whose controversial career spanned most of the eighteenth century. Macklin introduced the naturalistic style of acting to the English stage and became a prominent actor at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, where he accidentally killed a man while fighting over a wig. Macklin was best known for his performance of Shylock in Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, a role he assumed at Drury Lane in 1741. He also wrote The Man of the World (1781), a comedy.

Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527

Italian statesman and writer known for his strategies on securing rulership, relying when necessary on duplicity and force. His most famous text, Principe (1532), was not published until after his death, but it circulated widely in manuscript form among his friends. The dialog Arte della guerra (1520) and the posthumously published Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio (1531) round off the body of his major political works.

Macbeth, King of Scotland, active 11th century

The monarch of Scotland from 1040 until his death in 1057, Macbeth's reign was largely characterized by peace until the English invasion in 1054. Macbeth was killed three years later in battle by the forces of the future Malcolm III. Prior to becoming king, Macbeth held the title of Mormaer of Moray, and it is believed that he was responsible for the death of the previous mormaer, Gille Coemgáin.

Lytton, Rosina Bulwer Lytton, Baroness, 1802-1882

Born Rosina Doyle Wheeler, Rosina Bulwer Lytton garners at least as much attention for her tumultuous biography as for her prolific writing. She married Edward Bulwer-Lytton, but the couple divorced following scandals around the husband's infidelities, which Rosina Lytton satirized in her first novel, Cheveley: or, The Man of Honour (1839). Her children were taken from her in consequence of the divorce, and, determined to disrupt her ex-husband's life and political aspirations, she continued to denounce him during a campaign for a seat in Parliament.