English poet, essayist, pamphleteer, and educational reformer, denouncing the misuse of university revenue and advocating for the inclusion of new mathematics, science, and foreign language in curriculum.

English poet and Whig politician who held much political sway during the reigns of King William III and Queen Anne.

English poet and historian, son of Mary Habington and Sir Thomas Habington and nephew of Sir Edward Habington, all of whom had been implicated in political conspiracies surrounding the crown. Habington's most notable work, Castara, is a collection of poems dedicated to his wife and revered for its imaginativeness.

English actress, mistress of Charles II, and mother of James and Charles Beauclerk. Deemed "pretty, witty Nell" by Samuel Pepys, Gwyn was among the most famous of the Restoration figures of celebrity, regarded as the embodiment of the anti-Puritan attitudes of the Restoration period.

King of Sweden from 1523 until 1560, Gustav I deposed King Christian II of Demark, Sweden, and Norway through the Kalmar Union in the Swedish War of Liberation, thus establishing a hereditary monarchy through the House of Vasa. He later established Protestantism in Sweden.

See Reni, Guido.

Florentine general of the papal army, governor, and historian, best known for his work The History of Italy.

Italian politician, historical novelist, and translator involved in the Italian unification movement. His novels La battaglio di Benevento (1827) and L'assedio di Firenze (The Siege of Florence, 1836) were particularly designed to inspire fervent patriotism. Included among his other more important works of fiction were Veronica Cybo (1838), Isabella Orsini (1844), Serpicina (1847), Beatrice Cenci (1853), Storia di un moscone (1858), Pasquale Paoli (1860), and Il buco neor (1862).

Italian poet and drama theorist who is credited with establishing the pastoral drama. Works include: Aminta (1573), Il pastor fido (1590), and Compendio della poesia tragicomica (1602). His Lettere appeared in 1593.

Clergyman and conduct and theological writer, Grove contributed as well to Joseph Addison's Spectator.