Buckingham, George Villiers, Duke of, 1628-1687

English poet and statesman, son of George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, brought up in the household of Charles I alongside Charles II and James II. Villiers fought alongside the future Charles II for the royalist effort during the English Civil War, subsequently accompanying Charles into a period of exile prior to the Restoration. Villiers' life ended in poor health and depleted finances, with an embellished image of his end presented by Alexander Pope.

Vanbrugh, John, 1664-1726

Both an architect and playwright, John Vanbrugh is best known for designing Blenheim Palace and Castle Howard. His comedies The Relapse (1696) and The Provoked Wife (1697) engendered much controversy for their sexually explicit content. The Provoked Husband; or, A Journey to London (1782) was Vanbrugh's late attempt to retract the moral laxness of his earlier works, but Vanbrugh died before finishing it. It was completed by Colley Cibber as a work with somewhat less moral severity that Vanbrugh intended.

Urfé, Honoré d', 1567-1625

L'Astrée appeared in installments between 1607 and 1627, and was translated into English as Astrea (1657-1658). Along with Calprènede and Scudéry, d'Urfé was known for promoting literary and cultural aesthetics of delicate refinement exalting chivalric virtues partly through long works of romance fiction that constitute the most significant examples of the Roman de longue haleine, literally the "long-winded novel."