360

  • metals cannot be transmuted and that the elixir of life

    These are the twin aims of alchemy, already discriminated by Victor in his youth (I:1:15,
    and note).

  • 359

  • extraordinary merits

    The addition of such powerfully honorific diction is clearly meant to strengthen the
    reader's impression of Victor Frankenstein leading into his assumption of the novel's
    narrative. In 1818 the effect of Walton's enthusiasm was to make him appear rather
    credulous, easily taken in by Victor's cultivated manner. The reader, of course, whatever
    the inflations of vocabulary in which Walton indulges, may yet think the same of him
    in the 1831 version.

  • 358

  • merely weaving a series of supernatural terrors

    The repetition of a note of disparagement ("merely weaving," "a mere tale") in this
    and the succeeding sentence indicate that Shelley is seeking from the first to distance
    Frankenstein from the tradition of popular gothic fiction to which, in his own adolescence,
    he had contributed two outlandish examples, Zastrozzi and St. Irvyne, both published
    in 1810.

  • 357

  • a merchant

    This turnabout is as improbable as it is unexpected, since Clerval's father's incomprehension
    of a world beyond his account books was stressed in I:2:5, where Henry "bitterly lamented"
    being excluded from the kind of opportunity afforded Victor.

  • 356

  • men on whom I can depend

    The public realm of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is so insistently masculine that the
    reader must construe this as a deliberate aspect of the novel's construction. The
    wholly male crew of the ship will, later in the first volume, be replicated in the
    exclusively male ambience of the University of Ingolstadt and the more narrow and
    even sinister magistracy of Geneva. By the second volume the novel's main characters
    have committed themselves and the novel to a homosocial bonding of enormous force.

  • 355

  • I expressed myself in measured terms

    This interpolation in the 1831 text seems innocent enough, perhaps designed to show
    that the young Victor Frankenstein is on the path to a mature respect for a scientific
    discipline and those who practice it. On closer examination, however, this seemingly
    innocent remark begins to build a foundation for a vexing issue in the novel: the
    extent to which Victor's attempt to condition his rhetoric to the interests of his
    listener is merely manipulative and thus, whatever its appearance, not wholly to be
    trusted. As the novel progresses, this narrative indeterminacy will touch most of
    its major characters.

  • 354

  • mathematics

    Mathematics is the one area of the scientific disciplines in which Victor already
    excels (I:1:26 and note).

  • 353

  • mathematics

    The stress on mathematics seems curious, given Victor's interests in occult and magical
    lore. Still, Albertus Magnus was best known as a mathematician, and his disciple could
    be expected to follow the master's bent. Perhaps Mary Shelley also wishes to direct
    our attention to an underlying inclination to abstraction in Victor that will account
    for his tendency to isolate himself from family obligations.

  • 352

  • the breaking of a mast

    Just such an event happened early on in the expedition of Sir John Ross, as the Victory
    was dismasted in a gale on 14 June 1829. An engraving of this appears opposite page
    32 in Sir John Ross, Narrative of a Second Voyage in Search of a north-west passage
    and of a residence in the Arctic Regions, during the Years 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832,
    and 1833 (London: Webster, 1835).

  • 351

  • occurrences which are usually deemed marvellous

    Mary Shelley has already prepared for Walton's receptivity to Victor's story, since
    in the narrative he acknowledges to his sister, "there is a love for the marvellous,
    a belief in the marvellous, intertwined in all my projects" (I:L2:6). In the context
    in which Mary Shelley was writing, an apt synonym for the word would be "romantic."