916
The Creature refers to Adam's almost instant demand of God after his creation that
he be given a mate (VIII.357-451).
The Creature refers to Adam's almost instant demand of God after his creation that
he be given a mate (VIII.357-451).
East of Eden a bare sufficiency may be all one can ask for: the Creature's experiences
test just how much -- or little -- that may be.
The reiteration of this epithet, which has been applied to Justine (see I:7:29 and
note) but also, in the sense that Elizabeth here means, to Victor (I:7:33 and note)
as well as, from the first, his Creature, allows Elizabeth's unknowing accentuation
of the word to bear an explosive charge.
However this veneration of an ideal to which he might aspire testifies to the underlying
human sensibility of the Creature, the awareness to which his logic carries him, that
he is not part of the human family, places it within another and more pernicious construction.
In effect, he is internalizing a sense of profound alienation, becoming the Other
that society would make him.
However unthreatening such language may sound today, in 1818, with England racked
by unrest and governed by reactionaries, these were what we might today call fighting
words. They certainly signaled the anonymous author's radical sympathies to readers—and
reviewers. This is the point in the novel where discerning readers, not knowing who
the author was, would comprehend the significance of the dedication to William Godwin,
whose Enquiry Concerning Political Justice of 1793 remained the most radical analysis
of "the strange system of human society" for the generation of his daughter. This
work, rather than the more tempered redaction of 1798, when the extreme antiestablishment
perspective of the original might have been taken for treason, in many respects underlies
the Creature's sense of alienation, his understanding of the structured injustice
that allows him no place in human society, and his recognition of endemic restraints
upon individual self-fulfillment.
The issue of self-control that has been an undercurrent throughout this volume here
near its end surfaces as an important component of its pattern of complex ambivalences.
Even as such discipline appears a principal aim of the emphasis on education, it also
directly counters the natural values elsewhere generally honored.
The reference is to the famous last lines of Paradise Lost in which Adam and Eve forever
depart Eden (XII.646-49). That the Creature speaks in these elegiac tones suggests
that, for him, this is the moment in which he can no longer define himself, as he
did in his appeal to the elder De Lacey (II:7:26), as a being of innocent and benevolent
disposition. A second Adam, he has experienced his fall.
The Creature's imagery tends to be poetic and generally, as is the case here or in
his description of Safie's singing three paragraphs before, where he compares her
to a nightingale, his imagery is drawn from nature. In his temperament he seems, interestingly,
to be something of a cross between Elizabeth, with her love of nature, and Clerval,
with his refined poetic sensibility. Victor, of course, does not intrude upon the
narrative he is recounting to note such linkages nor, indeed, the irony of the internal
delicacy of the figure he so brutishly names.
William Frankenstein is some seven years old. Infancy thus here means "childhood."
A second echo of Byron's Manfred (1817) in this chapter:
Sorrow is knowledge: they who know the most
Must mourn the deepest o'er the fatal truth,
The tree of Knowledge is not that of Life.
—1.1.10-12