678

  • dare you sport thus with life

    The moral power of this verb stands out against Victor's ineffectual name-calling,
    reminding us that in some sense "curiosity" (a word with considerable resonance in
    the first volume) is sport, as are all open-ended intellectual endeavors associated
    with the imagination. The pejorative sense of the word as used here against Victor
    is, appropriately, the sense invoked by Victor himself in silently indicting the Creature
    during the trial of Justine (I:7:11).

  • 677

  • Dante's iron . . . hypocrites

    The reference is to Inferno 23.58ff. Here at the end of the volume we are recalled
    to the "hell of intense tortures" with which it began (II:1:1).

  • 676

  • Cursed, cursed creator!

    This chapter begins with a remarkable series of linguistic echoes in which the Creature
    echoes the language of Victor Frankenstein, in part to indicate that comparable experiences
    have produced comparable misery, but also to underscore the affinity of creator and
    creation. The first element is this imprecation, a repetition of the curse Victor
    pronounced on himself at their meeting on the Mer de Glace (II:2:14 and note).

  • 675

  • Cursed (although I curse myself) be the hands that formed you

    Under the creature's unrelenting accusation, the self-destructive nature of Victor's
    hatred and its manifestation in the Creature-as-double are here at last openly admitted
    by him. Percy Bysshe Shelley will use the same formula a year later in writing the
    first act of Prometheus Unbound, where Prometheus summons the Phantasm of Jupiter,
    the specter of his enemy, to repeat the self-enchaining curse Prometheus had once
    pronounced upon Jupiter (see 1.258). There, too, the strong echoes of Paradise Lost
    suggest a reading of God and Satan in the manner represented in his "Defence of Poetry,"
    as co-complicitous doubles.

  • 674

  • a creature of fine sensations

    Along with his acknowledgement of justice, Victor appears at last to have recognized
    what a masterpiece of work he created only to abandon. Even if he is not reminded
    of his original ambition to create "a new species," we certainly may be (see I:3:8).

  • 673

  • you must create

    The change in verb form to a command is rhetorically powerful, but it also signals
    a shift in, broadly speaking, the political dynamics of the novel. Victor's power,
    a symbolic extension of that of his father and family, is no longer absolute, but
    can be successfully challenged by the figure who stands in the position of his son
    and who can command superior strength and tenacity.

  • 672

  • his countenance bespoke bitter anguish, combined with disdain and malignity

    The nouns here are all associated with Satan and the Satanic in Paradise Lost: e.g.
    "anguish" (II.568; VI.340); "disdain" (I.98; II.680; V.666); "malign" (III.553; IV.503;
    VII.189). And yet, the framing language forces us to consider perspective: "bespoke"
    is not the same as "constitutes" in its implicit representation of reality; and if
    Victor, even as he articulates it, openly remarks that he "scarcely observed this,"
    where, then, might his terms come from? As we will learn from the Creature himself
    (II:7:7), it is easy to insert oneself (or others) into the mythic texture of Paradise
    Lost: thus it might appear, as it were, that Victor does so first, here defining the
    Creature as Satanic not from sharp empirical observation but from literary—that is
    to say, cultural—convention.

  • 671

  • names of the cottagers

    The naming of the cottagers depends not just on their individual identities but also
    on their family, i.e., their social, relations. That they thus have several different
    names, depending on which aspect is being emphasized, constitutes a new level of awareness
    on the Creature's part.

  • 670

  • conversed with my family

    Such incongruity of tone can have its value (though Mary Shelley did decide in the
    third edition to remove the family presence altogether from Victor's excursion to
    Mont Blanc). We will shortly be reminded that there is another part of Victor's family
    he has assiduously avoided and to whom, unlike his conventional family, he has given
    no solicitude whatsoever. The oddity of tone here, quickly rectified by the gloomy
    weather of the next morning, almost unconsciously prepares us for the conversation
    so feared and so long postponed but now, given the state of Victor's psychological
    condition, clearly urgent.

  • 669

  • I did not strive to controul them

    The power of the Creature's rage is shocking, perhaps as well to himself after having
    spent an entire year in isolation and under a regimen of strict and carefully enforced
    self-control. The infinitive, however, reminds us how severely that control has been
    earlier exercised by him. It might likewise call to mind the lack of restraint with
    which Victor Frankenstein pursued the researches that resulted in the Creature's birth
    (I:3:3).