55

  • Beautiful!

    Victor's instinctive aesthetic sense has already allowed him to misjudge his teacher,
    Professor Krempe (I:2:12). Now it operates to overpower any sense of shared humanity
    with the Creature. In respect to the master categories of eighteenth-century aesthetics,
    the Creature is exactly the opposite of the Beautiful: he is the embodiment of the
    Sublime, at once awesome and terrifying. If most of our experience with sublimity
    is mediated through art and literature, the Creature in all his encounters forces
    it with stunning immediacy into normative human life, always with disastrous consequences

  • 54

  • beauties of nature

    Readers have nothing at this point from which objectively to compare Walton's surmises.
    From Victor's own narration, however, it will be clear, that he is not particularly
    drawn to the natural world the way his friend Clerval is portrayed as being (I:5:17);
    indeed, while engaged in his scientific pursuits, he confesses himself wholly oblivious
    to the attractions of the natural world (I:3:10). Rather than sense a narrative disjuncture
    from this evidence, however, we might consider it a deliberate attempt on Mary Shelley's
    part to distance herself and her readers from Walton's increasingly inflated language.
    The figure Victor will cut in his own narration is very much darker than the one to
    whom we are being introduced through Walton's eyes. The underlying problem of how
    perspective shapes reality is thus being subtly reinforced.

  • 53

  • Beaufort

    This is obviously a good French-sounding name for a citizen of Lucerne, but it is
    at least a nice coincidence that the Beaufort Sea south of the Arctic Ocean, on the
    northwestern coast of Canada and Alaska, was named after a contemporary of Mary Shelley's,
    Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort (1774-1857).

  • 52

  • the bauble

    In her account after the discovery of William's body Elizabeth had called it "a very
    valuable miniature" (I:6:08).

  • 51

  • Lives of the Alchemystical Philosophers

    Francis Barrett's Lives of the Alchemystical Philosophers with a Critical Catalogue
    of Books on Occult Chemistry (1815) was listed in the advertisement sheet attached
    to Lackington's edition of Frankenstein in 1818. Revised and republished in 1888 by
    Arthur Edward Waite, this work contains brief accounts of two of the young Victor
    Frankenstein's favorite authors: Albertus Magnus and Paracelsus.

  • 50

  • ballots

    These were wooden balls secretly selected by those judging a trial.

  • 49

  • a wretch

    Justine is the third character, after the Creature (I:4:2 and I:4:3) and Victor (I:4:5
    and I:6:19), to share this appellation. Perhaps, however, she applies it with a nuanced
    difference of meaning from its usage in their circumstances.

  • 48

  • August 13th

    The actual events of the novel, it is surprising to realize, take place within the
    next month, with Walton's last letter to Margaret Saville (III:WC:21) being dated
    September 7th.

  • 47

  • attended on him

    Walton here assumes the position of ministrant that Clerval held during Victor's "nervous
    fever" in Ingolstadt (I:4:17), pointedly an inversion of customary gender roles. Healers
    are accorded a privileged value in this novel, though by no means in the world that
    encompasses its fiction. Justine Moritz's attendance on Victor's mother in her final
    illness earns for her no particular credence from her judges (I:7:10), and his mother,
    contracting scarlet fever from nursing Elizabeth, dies as a result of her good offices
    (I:2:2)

  • 46

  • His daughter attended him

    The novel slides, seamlessly and without calling attention to itself, from Walton's
    nursing Victor Frankenstein back from a state of near-death to Caroline Beaufort's
    attendance on her despondent father in his decline. Such nurturing is a continual
    necessity in Frankenstein and a measure of a character's capacity for sympathy.